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Questions: Make sure you are able to answer the following questions before moving to your Unit 1 Exam. 1. Define Nutrient. 2. Define Essential Nutrient. 3. What are the six classes of nutrients? 4. What is the difference between macronutrient and macronutrient? 5. Which nutrients are the "energy nutrients"? 6. How does the body produce energy? 7. Describe the structure (name of "building blocks), categories (i.e. unsaturated/vs saturated), function, and two food sources (one nutrient-dense and empty calorie) in each nutrient class. 8. In nutritional chemistry, what does the term organic mean? 9. Which of the six classes of nutrients are organic? In organic? 10. Which nutrient does the body use during high intensity activity? 11. Can the body run off of fat for energy? 12. Which cell(s) if any can NOT use fat for energy? 13. Which cell(s) if any can ONLY use carbs for energy? 14. How many amino acids are there? How many are essential? 15. What is a complete protein? 16. What is an incomplete protein? 17. What does it mean by complimentary proteins? 18. What type of fat is essential? 19. What type of fat is non-essential? 20. What type of fat increases risk of heart disease (according to epidemiological studies)? 21. What type of fat decreases the risk of heart disease (according to epidemiological studies)? 22. What are phytochemicals? 23. Describe the Mediterranean diet. 24. What is the difference between Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) and Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA)? What do EAR, AI, and UL stand for? Define each category. (What are the dietary reference intakes?) 25. What is MyPlate? 26. What are the dietary guidelines for Americans? 27. What are some main health and nutrition concerns for modern Americans? Role of Nutrition in the Body Essay Paper
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1. A nutrient is any substance that the body requires to produce energy, or for the growth, upkeep, and repair of tissues.
2. A nutrient is considered to be essential if the body cannot manufacture enough of it on its own and must therefore be received from diet.
3. Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals, and water are the six categories of nutrition.
4. The body requires relatively significant amounts of macronutrients, whereas it requires far less of micronutrients.
5. Carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins are the three nutrients referred to as "energy nutrients."
6. In a process known as cellular respiration, the body generates energy by converting glucose and other foods into adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecules that may be utilised by cells as an energy source. Role of Nutrition in the Body Essay Paper
7.
Carbohydrates: Whole grains and sweet snacks are food sources, glucose is their building block, they come in simple and complicated forms, and they serve as an energy source.
Proteins are made up of amino acids and come in both complete and partial forms. They are used in food sources like meat and beans to create and repair tissues.
The components of fats are fatty acids and glycerol; they can be classified as unsaturated or saturated; their functions include energy storage and insulation; and the sources of fats include avocado and fried dishes.
Vitamins: Natural substances found in fruits and vegetables that help enzymes with a variety of metabolic activities.
Minerals: Inorganic substances that are necessary for a number of body processes; found in leafy greens and nuts.
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Drinking water and meals high in water content like fruits and vegetables are food sources of water, which is essential for many biological processes.
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8. In nutritional chemistry, an organic substance is one that has carbon in it.
9. Minerals and water are inorganic, whereas carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and vitamins are organic.
10.The body uses carbs as fuel during intense exercise.
11.Yes, a process known as beta-oxidation allows the body to use fat as fuel.
12. Red blood cells lack mitochondria, therefore they are unable to utilise fat as energy.
13. The brain can only obtain its energy from carbs and glucose.
14. There are 20 different amino acids.
Nine of them are necessary amino acids that must be received through diet because the body is unable to synthesise them.
15. A complete protein is a protein source that adequately supplies each of the nine necessary amino acids.
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16. A protein supply that lacks one or more of the necessary amino acids is referred to be an incomplete protein.
17.Complementary proteins are a pair or more incomplete protein sources that, when consumed together, sufficiently supply all nine necessary amino acids.
18. Essential omega-3 fatty acids are needed.
19. Saturated fats aren't necessary.
20.Epidemiological research suggest that trans and saturated fats raise the risk of heart disease.
21.Epidemiological research suggest that monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats lower the risk of heart disease.
22. Phytochemicals are organic substances that are found in plants and have positive health effects.
23.The Mediterranean diet is a nutritional style that places a focus on fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, nuts, and seafood while reducing red meat, dairy, and processed foods.
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24. A collection of reference values known as the Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) is used to evaluate and plan a healthy person's food intake.
The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA), which is the average daily intake amount required to meet the dietary needs of nearly all healthy people in a certain life stage and gender group, is one of its many categories.
The Estimated Average Need (EAR) is the amount of nutrients consumed on a daily average that is thought to be sufficient to meet the needs of 50% of healthy people in a given life stage and gender group.
The Adequate Intake (AI) is a food intake level that is suggested based on estimations of nutrient intake made by a group of healthy individuals that have been observed or determined through experiments.
25.The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) created a programme called MyPlate to assist people in choosing healthier foods.
With each food item taking up a portion of the plate, it is a visual depiction of a balanced meal that contains fruits, vegetables, grains, protein, and dairy.
26.The USDA and the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) established the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, which are evidence-based suggestions for improving health and preventing chronic illness through food and exercise.
The recommendations cover subjects like calorie intake, nutrient-dense foods, added sugars and fats, alcohol consumption, physical exercise, and food safety. They are updated every five years.
27.Obesity, heart disease, diabetes, high blood pressure, cancer, and vitamin shortages are some of the major health and nutrition concerns for contemporary Americans.
These health problems are frequently caused by bad eating habits, such as consuming too many processed meals, sweetened beverages, high-fat, high-sodium foods, and not enough fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and other nutrient-dense foods.
These health issues are also exacerbated by sedentary lifestyles and inactivity.
Final answer
Nutrition is the study of how food and nutrients affect the body's growth, development, and overall health. It involves understanding the role of various nutrients, including carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals, and how they interact with each other in the body. Good nutrition is essential for maintaining a healthy weight, preventing chronic diseases, and promoting optimal physical and mental function. A balanced diet that includes a variety of nutrient-dense foods, such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats, is key to achieving optimal nutrition and overall health. For better understanding go through the steps. Role of Nutrition in the Body Essay Paper
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